Osmotic Demyelination Syndrome as the Initial Manifestation of a Hyperosmolar Hyperglycemic State

Central Pontine Myelinolysis in the Hyperosmolar Hyperglycaemic State

OBJECTIVE To report a rare association of central pontine myelinolysis (CPM) with hyperosmolar hyperglycaemic state (HHS). CLINICAL PRESENTATION AND INTERVENTION A diabetic female presented with HHS and prolonged severe hypernatraemia. The metabolic derangement was adequately treated with proper correction of both hyperglycaemia and hypernatraemia. Lack of improvement in the presenting confus...

Bilateral cataract formation via acute spontaneous fracture of the lens following treatment of hyperglycemic hyperosmolar syndrome

Purpose Acute development of cataracts that may be transient is known to occur during correction of diabetic ketoacidosis and hyperglycemic hyperosmolar syndrome. Nettleship in 1885 was the first to describe the presence of a transient cataract in three diabetic patients that grew worse and eventually cleared with treatment.1 We present a case of irreversible cataracts formed by nuclear fractur...

Diagnosis and management of hyperglycemic emergencies.

This article is aimed at providing a practical up-to-date review of the precipitating factors, diagnosis, management and secondary prevention of hyperglycemic emergencies (diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) and hyperglycemic hyperosmolar state (HHS) to assist critical care physicians and hospitalists caring for these patients. Limitations of various guidelines include implementation in settings with a...

Oral contraceptive-related transverse sinus thrombosis as an initial manifestation of antiphospholipid syndrome in the absence of systemic lupus erythematosus

Reversible splenial lesion syndrome with a hyperosmolar hyperglycemic state and neuroleptic malignant syndrome caused by olanzapine

A 27-year-old woman with panic disorder taking 20 mg olanzapine daily for 4 months was admitted to Mito Kyodo General Hospital, Mito, Ibaraki, Japan, because of disturbed consciousness with fever, hyperglycemia, hyperosmolarity and elevated creatine phosphokinase. She was diagnosed with a hyperosmolar hyperglycemic state and neuroleptic malignant syndrome. Brain magnetic resonance imaging showe...